🎁中英文稿：
You wouldn’t think that things as mundane as rust or the eyes of a garden-variety moth would have much in common with advances in sustainable energy. But Swiss researchers report that a way to create highly efficient solar panels may involve photocells incorporating light-absorbing qualities of iron oxide within a structure similar to moth eyes.
你肯定想不到平凡的鐵銹，普通的飛蛾會和可持續能源的發展有很多共同之處。但是瑞士研究人員報告稱，將氧化鐵吸收光的特點和類似於飛蛾眼睛的結構結合起來，可以創造一種使得太陽能電池板更高效吸收陽光的方法。
The scientists covered tiny particles of tungsten oxide with iron oxide to mimic the way moth eyes gather light. Moth light absorption is highly efficient, for survival reasons—because the eyes barely reflect any light, they don’t attract the attention of predators.
科學家模仿飛蛾眼睛吸光的結構，用氧化鐵覆蓋在氧化鎢的微粒上。飛蛾眼睛對光的高吸收率是由於生存的原因而進化而來的，因為眼睛幾乎不反射任何光，他們就不會吸引捕食者的注意。
And where most solar panels convert light to electricity, these devices use solar rays to split water molecules and produce pure hydrogen fuel. Which deals with the storage problem associated with solar power.
並且大多數太陽能電池板將光能轉化成電能，而這些設備利用太陽光線分裂水分子，產生純氫燃料。這就解決了太陽能的儲存問題。
The research will appear in the journal Energy & Environmental Science.
這項研究被發表在《能源和環境科學》雜誌上。
Stanford University researchers are likewise exploring ways to bypass electricity generation when splitting water molecules.
史丹佛大學的研究人員在分解水分子時也同樣在探索分流發電的方法。
🎁 🎁中英文稿：
If Martians exist, even the microbial sort, they probably need liquid water. Temperatures on the surface of the red planet are below freezing, but signs exist that water flowed in the past—and perhaps still does, thanks to a Martian version of anti- freeze.
如果火星人存在，即使他們屬於微生物類，他們也可能需要液態水。火星表面的溫度在冰點以下，但是存在跡象表明過去有水流動過，也許現在仍然在流動，發現這一狀況多虧了火星版的防凍劑。
Salts lower the freezing point of water, as anyone knows who's thrown salt on an icy sidewalk. And both NASA's Phoenix and Curiosity missions found salts called perchlorates sprinkled around the Martian surface.
鹽降低了水的冰點，就像大家所知的把鹽撒在結冰的人行道上可以化冰。美國航空航天局的鳳凰號和好奇號航天器發現撒落在火星表面的一種叫做高氯酸鹽的鹽。
To see how perchlorates might act on Mars, researchers recreated the pressure, humidity and temperature of the planet inside a metal cylinder. They put a thin layer of perchlorates on top of water ice inside the chamber. Within minutes, droplets of liquid water formed, even at minus 100 degrees Fahrenheit. You can find more 60-Second Space onchinavoa.com
為了弄清楚高氯酸鹽在火星上所起到的作用，研究人員在一個金屬圓筒裡重新創置火星上的壓力，濕度和溫度。他們把容器內冰水的表面鋪上了一層薄膜。即使在華氏零下100度，幾分鐘後，就形成了液態水滴。
Some scientists thought perchlorates might condense water vapor from the atmosphere. But within the cylinder, no liquid water formed in the presence of salts, either alone or on Mars-like soil, unless ice was present too. The study is in the journal Geophysical Research Letters. [Erik Fischer et al, Experimental evidence for the formation of liquid saline water on Mars]
一些科學家認為高氯酸鹽可能會凝結大氣中的水蒸汽。但是在金屬圓筒內，在沒有鹽參與的情況下未形成液態水，在光有火星土壤情況下也未形成，除非冰也參與了此過程。這項研究被發表在《地球物理研究快報》雜誌上。
The finding study could explain mysterious globules seen on the leg of the Phoenix in 2008. The lander may have been dotted with drops of otherworldly water. —Clara Moskowitz
這一研究發現可以解釋2008年出現在鳳凰號航天器上的神秘水珠，其著陸器上可能沾上了幾滴這超凡脫俗的水。—克拉拉•莫斯科維克。
