☊ 碧瓏司の→ßeℒongŚ

MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：
http://static.iyuba.com/sounds/minutes/88.mp3

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🎁 中英文稿：
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English with me, Rob, and a very beautiful sound…
大家好，歡迎收聽本期BBC六分鐘英語，欣賞這優美的聲音。我是Rob。
Ahhh, the sound of birdsong. Hello, I’m Jennifer and that’s what we’re talking about today – birdsong.
啊，鳥叫聲~大家好，我是Jennifer。今天我們討論的主題是鳥鳴。
In Britain, this is the sound of summer – lots of different species – or types – of birds tweeting .
在英國，這是夏天的聲音。多種小鳥，各種鳴叫。
Tweeting? You mean they are using Twitter – the social media site?!
Tweeting？你是說它們用社交媒體Twitter？
Of course not! Tweeting is a way of describing the sounds birds make.We sometimes say they chirp or trill too – making short, high- pitched sounds.

 MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：
http://online1.tingclass.net/voaspe/…/20151208sa_science.mp3

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🎁 中英文稿：
“The city of Tanis was consumed by the desert in a sandstorm which lasted a whole year. Wiped clean by the wrath of God.” Indiana Jones’s friend Marcus Brody, explaining the fictional fate of the city of Tanis in Raiders of the Lost Ark.
坦尼斯在持續了一整年的沙城暴中，被沙漠所掩埋了，被憤怒的上帝徹底清除。印第安那瓊斯的朋友馬庫斯•布羅迪在《法櫃奇兵》中闡述了這座城市小說般的命運。
Back in real life, scientists have found something else covered by the Sahara’s sea of sand: an ancient river system. The remains of the main channel—which dried up long ago—wind beneath the west African desert for more than 300 miles before reaching the Atlantic Ocean.
在現實生活中，科學家們發現了被撒哈拉沙漠所掩埋的其他東西：一條古老的河系。河流已經乾涸了很久，其主要通道的殘留物蜿蜒在西非沙漠之下300多英里之後到達大西洋。
Researchers led by Charlotte Skoniezcny of the University of Lille in France uncovered the system using a kind of satellite-borne radar that can penetrate through several feet of dry surface sediments like sand. The scientists think that the network may extend even farther inland, but thick dunes prevented them from mapping it. They report their findings in the journal Nature Communications.
法國里爾大學的 Charlotte Skoniezcny領導的研究人員，通過一種可以穿透沙子乾燥的表面沉積物的衛星載運雷達，發現了這個古代的河道。科學家認為該河流可能向內陸擴展的還要深一些，但是厚厚的積沙最終阻止了他們用衛星掃描地圖。該研究結果發表在《自然通訊》雜誌上。
The discovery solves the mystery of what created a vast underwater canyon off the coast of Mauritania in northwest Africa. The subsurface ravine looks like those that form at the mouths of massive rivers today. But researchers had only hypothesized the existence of major waterways in West Africa until now.
該研究結果解決了，在非洲西北部，茅利塔尼亞海岸有一個巨大的地下峽谷之謎。地表下的峽谷就像是今天大量河流交匯處形成的那些峽谷一樣。但是研究人員們直到今天之前也還只能認為這種大型水路體系的存在是個假說。
The fact that rivers raged at the surface in this region sheds light on the Sahara’s tumultuous history. Scientists know that this vast desert wasn’t always dry. At certain times in the past, it boasted green grasslands teeming with life. The researchers think the Sahara’s lost river last flowed 6,500 years ago, revealing just how fast west Africa’s climate can change. Maybe not quite as fast as Indiana Jones swapping out a bag of sand for a golden idol. But still, surprisingly fast. “Wiped clean.”
該地區表明曾經流淌的河流揭示了撒哈拉沙漠動盪的歷史。科學家們認為這個廣袤的沙漠以前並不是乾旱的。在古代的某個時期，撒哈拉沙漠生機勃勃，孕育了許多生命。研究人員認為，撒哈拉所流淌的河流大概是在6500年消失，這同時也揭示了西非氣候變化之快。也許沒有印第安那瓊斯為黃金神像換出一帶沙子那樣快。但是，仍然還是很快的。一掃而光。

【雅思考官口說高分技巧2：IELTS Examiner’s Tip2：Timing】

雅思口說考試的回答時間該如何掌握，
今天我們來看看字神的雅思考官給予的建議。
2016年字神雅思口說，由專業外師領軍，
字神還有超超超真實的口說實戰模考哦。
(有多像呢，就和真實考試 99% 一樣!!! 因為…不能再說了啦)
昨晚雅思聽力，同學也說GABBY老師教的超好的。
GABBY老師是康康親自選的優秀老師，
研究出雅思聽力最強的技巧，只要一招，就能破填空與選擇題。
昨天錯過正班的同學，太可惜，

商標緊緊地連結公司的形象，哪樣的商標是人們最重視的？是圖案？文字？還是顏色？一起瞧瞧商標的秘密吧！

1
graphic0:04
graphic 這個字可以說是從 photograph 的 graph 而來，他和 picture, photo 不同的地方在於前者是用相機拍攝出的相片，而 graphic 則是用電繪或是手繪出的平面設計圖像，常常是帶有特定的設計理念、表達出特定的意象；或是圖表坐標式的示意圖象。這個字在生活中和商標討論中，可以說是相當常用呢！像是有名的 T- shirt 專賣店，Design Tshirts Store graniph 就是取自 graphic 這個字，來表達自家的衣服都是設計師繪圖設計的。

● graphic art 平面藝術、形象藝術 
● graphic designer 平面設計師

2

【01/24 托福獨立寫作真題解析及範文】
相信不少考生在面對托福寫作的時候，會遇到「有話說不出，說出沒邏輯」的尷尬，以至於造成托福寫作的分數不高。何不看看真題範文，也許會有思路提示的。

1月24日托福獨立寫作真題真題
托福獨立寫作題目：
In times of economic crisis, in which field do you think the government can cut financial support?
1. Art
2. Scientific research
3. Parks and public gardens
是否新題：是
題材：社會類
觀點： 削減藝術方面的經費
寫作思路：

MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：
http://online1.tingclass.net/voa…/2015/20151217sa_health.mp3

🎁 

🎁 中英文稿：
What's the liveliest part of your kitchen, in terms of harboring bacteria? Is it the cutting board? The dish sponge? Or maybe… your coffeemaker? Because even though caffeine has antibacterial effects, it turns out espresso machines can harbor a whole menagerie of bacteria —including some pathogenic species more commonly associated with the toilet.
你廚房裡哪裡的最容易養殖細菌?是櫥櫃?洗碗布?可能還是你的咖啡壺?雖然咖啡有抗菌效果，結果表明咖啡機能夠養殖大量的細菌——其中包括一些和細菌相關的致命細菌。
Researchers sampled ten Nespresso brand espresso machines, zeroing in on the drip trays, which catch those last drops of brown gold after a brew. They found that nine of the ten machines harbored residues rich in Enterococcus bacteria, a typical marker of human fecal contamination. And another common resident was Pseudomonas—which has both benign and pathogenic strains. Pseudomonas appears to thrive in the presence of caffeine, and break it down. Which suggests the bugs might be put to work decaffeinating coffee, or cleaning caffeine residues from our waterways. The findings appear in the journal Scientific Reports.
研究人員取樣了10種品牌的雀巢咖啡機，集中研究了滴灌托盤，方法是在咖啡釀造之後收集咖啡機中最後幾滴咖啡液體。研究人員發現，十台咖啡機中有九台殘留了大量的腸球菌細菌，腸球菌細菌標誌著人類的排泄物。而另一種常見的細菌是假單胞菌——其中包含良性和致命菌種。假單胞菌似乎在咖啡機中大量存在，然後自身繁殖。這表明細菌可以去除咖啡中的咖啡因，或者清理我們水道中的咖啡殘留物。該研究結果發表在《科學報告》雜誌上。
As for your next espresso shot? Don't worry too much. The researchers did not find any bacteria in the coffee pods themselves—so they say our fingertips might be to blame for spreading the single-celled invaders. And they write that it's "absolutely not the case" that Nespresso machines are dangerous for human health. Just wash the drip tray regularly with soap and water, as you would any other food-contaminated surface. So that the only thing brewing in your espresso machine… is your coffee.
至於你的下一杯濃咖啡?不要擔心太多。研究人員並沒有在咖啡豆上發現任何的細菌——所以研究人員稱指尖可能是細菌入侵者的罪魁禍首。並且他們寫道：“雀巢咖啡機對人類健康有危險——情況絕對不是這樣的。只需要經常用肥皂和清水清洗滴灌托盤，並且只要不用任何其他事物污染托盤表面。所以，這樣的話，咖啡機釀製的--只有你的咖啡。
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