☊ 碧瓏司の→ßeℒongŚ

MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：
http://online1.tingclass.net/voa…/2016/20160325sa_health.mp3

🎁  

🎁 中英文稿：
When a virus invades your cells, it kicks your immune machinery into motion. The first responders are signaling proteins, called interferons. "And they trigger downstream immune responses. So you can kind of think of them as the hormones of the immune system. They're triggered and then they stimulate a bunch of other immune responses that are more specific to that pathogen.” Michelle Baker, a comparative immunologist at the Australian Animal Health Laboratory.
當病毒入侵身體細胞，免疫系統開始工作。首先起作用的就是信號蛋白，也稱為干擾素。干擾素會觸發下游免疫反應。所以，你可以把他們想像成免疫系統的荷爾蒙。免疫系統被激發後，就會刺激引發一系列的特定病原體的免疫反應。蜜雪兒•貝克，是澳大利亞動物衛生實驗室的比較免疫學家。
In the spirit of comparative immunology, Baker and her colleagues looked at how another mammal—the black flying fox, a type of bat—handles infections. They sequenced its immunity genes, and observed the immune response in normal bat cells. And they found that, unlike us—the bats always have interferons on patrol. Meaning the proteins do not wait to be activated by invaders. And the researchers say that this constant state of high alert may be why bats can carry Ebola, Nipah virus, and a whole lot of other infections with no symptoms at all. The findings appear in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
基於比較免疫學理論，貝克和同事們觀察了哺乳動物——黑狐蝠處理疾病的方式。他們測試了免疫基因順序，並觀察了正常蝙蝠細胞的免疫反應。貝克發現，與我們不同，蝙蝠體內一直有干擾素在起作用。這意味著蛋白質不需要入侵者啟動。研究人員稱這種持續的高警戒狀態可能是蝙蝠為什麼可以攜帶伊波拉病毒、尼帕病毒，以及疾病，但是卻沒有任何症狀。該研究結果發表在《美國國家科學院院刊》上。
So why not switch on those interferons 24/7 in humans? Well in us, they also tend to cause lots of inflammation and cell damage. Like the symptoms you feel from the flu—a lot of that is your immune system's fault. But the key might be to do as the bats do. "If we can just skew the response of our immune system so it triggers an antiviral response without the pro-inflammatory effects, then we might have something we can work with in terms of a novel therapeutic for humans." Bats have long been known to harbor disease. So it would be fitting if they also taught us how to fight it.
為什麼不將人體的干擾素進行啟動呢?對我們人體來說，這樣會引起大量的炎症和細胞損傷。免疫系統缺失出現的症狀跡象感染流感病毒一樣。但是問題的關鍵就是我們模仿蝙蝠。如果我們可以更改我們的免疫系統，就可以引發沒有任何炎症作用的抗病毒反應，我們可以利用治療人類疾病的新的工作。人類早就知道，蝙蝠可以誘發疾病，所以，向蝙蝠學習怎樣抗擊疾病，再合適過了。
➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟➟

MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：
http://static.iyuba.com/sounds/minutes/1030.mp3

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👯 中英文稿：
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I’m Sophie…
大家好，歡迎收聽六分鐘英語。我是蘇菲。
And I’m Neil. So, Sophie I watched Snow White and the Huntsman on TV last night.
我是尼爾。蘇菲，我昨晚在電視上看《白雪公主與獵人》了。
Oh, you mean the modern retelling of the story Snow White? Did you enjoy it, Neil?
你說的是那部由白雪公主改編的現代電影嗎？你喜歡看嗎？
It was OK. But the seven dwarves were no fun.I prefer the original Disney cartoon version.
還不錯。但七個小矮人不好玩。我更喜歡迪士尼原創卡通版本。
Don’t be silly, Neil. Walt Disney didn’t invent the story. The movie you watched is a remake, a film that has been made again, but the fairy tale is very old.

🌾 心情如春天般美麗：10個“快樂”的英文表達 🌾
　　
春天到了，心情也會隨著萬物的復蘇而明亮起來——正所謂“充滿了春天般的喜悅之情”（be full of the joys of spring）。更多關於“開心快樂”的英文表達，還不趕快學起來~
✿ 1. be full of the joys of spring 非常高興；歡快
He bounced into the office, full of the joys of spring. 
他興高采烈地蹦跳著進了辦公室。
✿ 2. like a dog with two tails 非常開心
When Paul won the first prize he was like a dog with two tails.
保羅獲得了一等獎，他高興壞了。
✿ 3. have a whale of a time 玩得非常痛快；過得非常愉快
We had a whale of a time on holiday. 
假期裡我們玩得非常痛快。
✿ 4. be on cloud nine 異常興奮；樂不可支
"Was Helen pleased about getting that job?" "Pleased? She was on cloud nine!" 
“海倫得到那份工作高興嗎？”“豈止是高興？她簡直飄飄然了！”
✿ 5. tickled pink 高興極了
I was tickled pink to be invited.
能獲得邀請我真是高興死了。

MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：喜歡的同學，幫忙推或按讚哦~~
http://online1.tingclass.net/voaspe/…/20160324sa_science.mp3

🎁 只有音檔怎夠，聽不懂地方，不用怕，
康康幫你準備好中英文稿了：

🎁 中英文稿：
Radio waves are invisible to our eyes. But if you could see them, the sky would dance with random tiny flashes. Thousands of what are called “fast radio bursts” are estimated to occur every day. And though each pinprick flash lasts only a thousandth of a second, they represent a faraway source briefly shining a billion or more times brighter than our sun.
我們的眼睛看不到無線電波。如果你看到了無線電波，天空就會有隨機閃爍的微小光束。據估計這些所謂的“快速無線光波”。儘管，每個閃光指持續千分之一秒，但他們代表了遙遠的光源，這些光源的亮度要比太陽亮十億倍。
Fast radio bursts have been known for nearly a decade, but scientists have struggled to determine exactly where they come from. And they'd like to know. Because finding their origins would help astronomers use the bursts as probes to map the history and structure of the universe in unprecedented detail.
近十年來，大家已經熟悉快速無線電波，但是科學家一直在努力確定這些光束的來源。並且科學家們迫切知道答案。因為發現來源有助於科學家利用這些光束詳細描述宇宙的歷史和結構。
Now researchers have found the source of one particular burst. They used radio telescopes in Australia and the giant Subaru optical telescope in Hawaii to trace a burst observed last April. And they determined it came from an old elliptical galaxy full of exhausted, dying suns some six billion light-years away. The findings are in the journal Nature.
現在，研究人員已經發現了一個特定的光束源。去年四月，他們利用澳大利亞射電望遠鏡以及夏威夷巨大的斯巴魯望遠鏡跟踪觀察到的光源。研究人員認為這些光束來自一個古老的橢圓星系，這些星系充滿了枯竭、垂死的恆星，距離約為60億光年遠。研究結果發表在《自然》雜誌上。
Identifying the source galaxy provides crucial clues. For one thing, such a galaxy is short on some of the objects expected to cause bursts, such as supernovae or rapidly spinning and flaring pulsars, suggesting this burst came from something else. And, although the burst in question lasted only milliseconds, astronomers were able to witness its faint, fading radio afterglow for about six days. That's the sort of afterglow expected from a colliding pair of ancient neutron stars, which would be a relatively common occurrence among an elliptical galaxy's geriatric suns .
確定光束來源的星係將提供重要的線索。一方面，這樣的星系缺乏引發爆炸的物體，例如超新星或者快速旋轉的脈衝星，這意味著爆炸原因來自其他方面。儘管，未知的爆炸僅持續了數毫秒，但天文學家能夠6天觀看到爆炸的微弱餘光。這可能是古代中子星碰撞的餘暉，這在橢圓星係是一個比較常見的問題。

MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：
http://static.iyuba.com/sounds/minutes/161.mp3

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👯 中英文稿：
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English with me, Finn.
大家好，歡迎收聽六分鐘英語節目。我是主持人Finn。
And me, Neil.
我是嘉賓，Neil。
Neil, I’m going to tell you a joke.
Neil，我來給你講個笑話吧。
OK, come on.
來吧。
Which part of learning the English language are boxers best at?

交流的技巧📣

在職場中，如何與人交流非常重要。繁忙的工作使得交流變得程式化和商業化，而高科技的發達，雖然使我們可以借助聊天軟體、電子郵件來與人溝通，但卻使人與人之間直接交流溝通的能力更加弱化。下面是人際交流專家尤班克斯在接受採訪時就人際交流給出的一些意見，相信會對大家在職場的溝通有所啟發。

📣Conswello: It's a delight to meet you, Bob Eubanks, it really is.
康絲韋洛：鮑伯•尤班克斯，很高興見到你，真的。
Eubanks: Thank you very much. You do a great job on this show.
尤班克斯：謝謝。你主持這個節目十分出色。
Conswello: Well, thank you very much and you're using your people skills already. I'm intrigued by how you keep reinventing yourself. How do you do it?
康絲韋洛：哦，非常感謝，你開始使用人際技巧啦！你能不斷地為自己增值，對此我非常感興趣，你是怎麼做到的？
Eubanks: Well, you know, I just think what a person has to do is take their strengths, and I know that no one's gonna hire me to do a game show again so, because they go for the younger guy and such so I got, I sat down, I said, you know, "What should I do?" And I've learned so much about people, and I decided to go out and speak to corporate America. What I'm doing is I'm showing corporate America how to maintain a balance in their people skills to high technology. I mean, we're losing our people skills because of the wonderful technology is there. And so I go out and I teach them how to maintain their people skills; how to get the most from people.
尤班克斯：你知道，我只是認為每個人都應該發揮他們自己的長處，同時，我也知道不會再有人找我主持遊戲節目了，因為他們要找年輕人來，所以我坐下來問自己："我應該怎麼做呢？"我對人性有一定的瞭解，因此我決定到美國各家公司去，向他們展示怎樣在人際技巧與高科技間取得平衡。我是說，科技的日新月異會使人們逐漸喪失交往技巧。所以我到各個公司講解怎麼保持自己的人際關係，怎麼人盡其才。

📣Conswello: So how do you do that?
康絲韋洛：那你是怎麼做的呢？
Eubanks: Ah, you show interest in them. Ah, when I was doing Newlywed Game, the couples were very frightened and very scared and they would sit there like this. The moment I would say, "How're you doing? How's your family? How's your dog? How's this?" The moment that you would see their body language change. You would see everything about them change. So, if we can show interest in other people and generally, generally care about other people, then it is amazing. People will tell you things they wouldn't tell the Grand Jury. That's what they did for me on the Newlywed Game anyway.
尤班克斯：要關心他人。有些夫婦在亮相我主持的"新婚遊戲"節目的時候，他們很緊張，很害怕，坐得僵直。當我問他們："你們好嗎？家人怎麼樣？你們的狗好嗎？這個好嗎？"你可以看到他們的身體語言立刻改變了。你可以看到他們的全部狀態都改變了。所以說，如果我們能做到關注別人，關心別人，效果是很神奇的。人們會把連對大陪審團都不講的心裡話向你傾訴，他們在我的"新婚遊戲"節目裡就是這麼做的。