☊ 碧瓏司の→ßeℒongŚ

🎁 MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：
http://online1.tingclass.net/voaspe/…/20160612sa_science.mp3

🎁

🎁 中英文稿：
In Jack London's The Call of the Wild, a pet dog named Buck winds up in the Yukon… where he succumbs to his desire to return to his wild cousins…the wolves. [Call of the Wild clip: "It's hard to say no to that call, isn't it Buck? It's all right boy. Go ahead."]
在傑克•倫敦的小說《野性的呼喚》中，一隻叫做巴克的寵物狗結束了自己的寵物生涯，被迫回到狼群中……(節選片段：很難拒絕那樣的呼喚，對吧，巴克！好了，走吧！)
Of course, Buck himself was the descendant of wolves. Wolves that lived more than 10,000 years ago. "At this time people would have been hunting and gathering." Laurent Frantz, a geneticist at the University of Oxford in the U.K. Humans roamed across Eurasia. They would eat, "and throw scraps around their settlement. Which attracts wildlife." Wildlife like wolves.
毋庸置疑，巴克本身是狼的後代。狼群的歷史已有1萬多年。“那時候人們是群居過著打獵的生活。” 洛朗•弗朗茨是英國牛津大學的遺傳學家。人類橫跨了歐亞大陸。人們吃飯，並並殘羹扔到部落的周圍，這就會招來野生動物，如狼群。
Over time a split would have appeared in wolf populations, he says: those wolves that feared humans, and those that didn't. "So this would have facilitated, I think, the domestication process." At which point humans deliberately took wolves as pets. But that domestication process, Frantz says, may have happened more than once: first in the west, in Europe. And again in the far east, in Asia.
隨著時間的推移，狼群中就會產生分歧。“懼怕人群的狼群和肆無忌憚的狼群。我認為這就促進了狼群的馴化過程。曾經人類故意將狼馴化為寵物。弗朗茨表示，這樣的馴化過程曾經發生過不只一次，首先是在西方，在歐洲;之後在遙遠的東方，亞洲。
Frantz and his colleagues analyzed the DNA from a 4,800-year-old Irish dog's ear bone, along with the genomes of hundreds of other modern and ancient dogs. After building a family tree, they determined that dogs could have been first domesticated in Europe, at least 15,000 years ago. But the data also point to another domestication in East Asia, more than 13,000 years ago. Sometime after that, they say, humans from East Asia wandered to Europe… and brought their dogs with them. Leading to a mixing of the two populations. The study appears in the journal Science.
弗朗茨和同事們分析了4800年前愛爾蘭狗耳骨，以及數千隻現代狗和古代狗的基因組。在創建家譜之後，他們認為至少是在15,000年前，狗首次在歐洲被人類馴化。但是資料也顯示在13,000多年前，東亞也曾經存在馴化行為。之後，他們認為東亞人來到了歐洲，並帶來了馴化的狗。這導致兩個種群的混合。該研究結果發表在《科學》雜誌上。

🌃 12星座最不能忍的事，你中招了嗎？🌃
　　
✭ Aries 白羊(Mar. 21- Apr. 20)
Yours is the most impatient sign of all, Aries, so naturally, what irritates you most is waiting. Period. You want to be the first one in, the first one out, and at the very head of the pack in the left hand lane, whether it's rush hour or 3 a.m. Your impatience also extends to your temper.
你可是12星座中最沒耐心的一個，自然，能讓你"抓狂"的事就是"等待"了。無論是高峰時間還是下午3點，你通常都是第一個來，也是最先離開的那個。急性子的你很容易發脾氣。
　　
✭ Taurus 金牛(Apr. 21 - May 21)
Unlike your Aries and Gemini neighbors, you, Taurus, can't stand rushing. You believe in measuring twice (at least) and cutting once, in thinking before you act, and in choosing your words and actions as carefully as possible. What drives you crazy more than anything, then, is haste - but unexpected change is a close second. In fact, unlike most of us, you're not particularly fond of surprises, even if they're pleasant ones.
牛兒可不像白羊和雙子座人那樣，你最不能忍受的就是急急忙忙了。無論說話還是做事，謹慎的你凡事都會再三考慮。那麼，當然不會有什麼比急躁更讓你發瘋的事了。實際上，和大多數人不同，即便是非常令人開心的事也不能給你帶來太多驚喜。
　　
✭ Gemini 雙子(May 22 - Jun. 21)
Mercury is your planet, Gemini, the guy with the wings on his head and his feet, symbolizing his quicksilver abilities when it comes to mental and physical speed. So, understandably, nothing makes you crazier than someone who just won't cut to the chase when they're telling a story or refuses to take a shortcut when they know they're running late.
水星是雙子座的守護星。傳說中這個雙子男孩的頭和腳上各有一對翅膀，這便暗示了無論在思維方式還是在身體素質上，雙子座人都渴望快速多變。因此，可以理解的是，沒有什麼比下面的事更讓你惱羞成怒了:比如有人對你說謊而又不允許你刨根問底，或是他們明知道已經來不及了卻又拒絕走捷徑。
　　
✭ Cancer 巨蟹(Jun. 22 - Jul. 22)
Safety, security, and your home and family are what matter most to you, Cancer, and there's nothing you love more than spending an evening at your place, surrounded by loved ones, snuggled up under a quilt. So what makes you nuts? Being dragged out by a well-meaning friend who's decided that you "need more socializing."
所有與家庭及家人有關的事情都會讓你牽掛。還有什麼比依偎在愛人的身旁、靜靜地享受一個浪漫的夜晚更美好的事呢?那麼，什麼事最能激怒你呢?當然是有朋友硬把你從家裡拖出來，告訴你"需要多一些社交活動"的時候了。
　　
✭ Leo 獅子(July 23 - Aug. 22)
Yours is the sign of the performer, Leo. You can turn any place into a stage, from an actual podium to a bar to the front of a classroom. What makes you crazy is one thing: someone who tries to steal your applause. You work hard to keep everyone amused and entertained, and you enjoy it as much as they do. The spotlight is only so wide, though, so when someone tries to snag some of it, you won't hesitate to show your disapproval.
獅子是天生的表演者。任何地方都可以成為你展示自己的舞臺，無論是真正的舞臺，還是酒吧或是教室的講臺上。最讓你"抓狂"的事只有一件:有人企圖阻止你的表演。為了讓每個人都能快樂開心，你努力展示自己並樂在其中。所以，一旦有人挑戰你的權威，你會毫不猶豫地表達不滿。
　　
✭ Virgo 處女(Aug. 23 - Sept. 23)
Cleanliness. Order. Organization. That's what you need to function at your best, Virgo, in your personal surroundings, your workplace, and your daily schedule. So what drives you crazy more than anything else is filthy, unsanitary, or disorganized conditions, as well as people who exhibit those qualities.
整潔有序、組織性強，這是處女座人時刻追尋的生活信條。它也自始至終貫穿在你的日常工作安排之中。最讓你難以忍受的事莫過於髒亂不堪、雜亂無章了。
　　
✭ Libra 天秤(Sept. 24 - Oct. 23)
Contrary to popular opinion, your specialty, Libra, is not "balance" itself, it's restoring balance to unbalanced situations. So what you can't stand, more than anything else, is seeing lopsided, prejudiced, unfair, or discriminatory conditions. It brings out the cruise director, mediator, and judge in you. In other words, you put your own feelings aside to become whatever it takes to make things "nice" again.
恰恰與大多數人的觀點相反，你的專長並不是"平衡"本身，而是將不平衡變成平衡。因此，偏見和歧視，不公正和不公平是最讓你受不了的事了。每當遇到這種情況，你就成了當仁不讓的調解人。換句話說，你會暫時把個人的感情擱置一邊，讓一切有爭議的事再次"平衡"起來。
　　
✭ Scorpio 天蠍(Oct. 24 - Nov. 22)
Your sign is famous for its love of depth, intensity, and digging below the surface. So what makes you crazier than anything is meeting up with someone who goes out of his way to be shallow, cavalier about important issues and superficial. It makes you wonder what he or she is really up to - and wondering is what keeps you from getting a decent night's sleep.
蠍子以感情豐富、心思細密、洞察力強而聞名。最讓你憤怒的事莫過於有人掩飾事情的真相或是喜歡做表面文章。你還會為了某些沒搞明白的事弄得夜不能昧。
　　
✭ Sagittarius 射手(Nov. 23 - Dec. 21)
You love to learn, travel, and have fun with interesting others. In short, if it's new, uncharted territory, if you feel that you're boldly going where no one has gone before - yourself in particular - then you're game. What you can't stand - what you absolutely cannot and will not tolerate, no matter what - is boredom.
你喜歡探求新知，愛好一切有趣的事情。簡而言之，只要是新奇的東西，特別是沒人敢嘗試的玩意，你都願意大膽一博。因此，你絕對不能忍受和容忍的事就是——枯燥乏味。
　　
✭ Capricorn 摩羯(Dec. 22 - Jan. 20)
When it comes to taking charge, while you may occasionally pretend you don't absolutely adore it, to be perfectly honest, you know you do - and you know we all love it when you're "driving," because you're so good at it. So what absolutely makes you nuts is having to take orders from someone who's not only less qualified than yourself, but also pitifully less suited to the position. Fortunately, that doesn't happen much, now does it?
你會偶爾假裝不熱衷權力，那是因為你知道大家希望你掌控大局，這是你擅長的。你最不能忍受的就是讓你聽命於那些才幹不如你且並不適合這個位置的人。幸運的是，這種情況並不經常發生，對嗎?
　　
✭ Aquarius 水瓶(Jan. 21 - Feb. 19)
You're the rebel, the radical, and the eccentric in every group, whether it's family, friends, or your team at work. You love and cultivate those labels because of the freedom they allow you to be yourself. The worst thing, then - the very worst thing of all, in your eyes - is being pressed into a mold, being told what to do, having to obey, and being forced to act like everyone else.
無論在家人、朋友還是同事的眼中，你都是一個激進反叛、行為古怪的人。你熱愛自由，喜歡創意。在你看來，最糟糕的事莫過於將你模式化，告訴你必須遵循什麼或是和其他人做一樣的事。
　　
✭ Pisces 雙魚(Feb. 20 - Mar. 20)
Your specialty, Pisces, is emotions, maybe even more so than sentimental Cancer. You're comfortable sniffling and dabbing at your eyes during a sad movie (or a commercial, for that matter) and rather - no, extremely - proud of your ability to sense what's wrong with a loved one before they even realize it themselves. So what makes you most irritated is when someone tells you you're being "overly emotional."
魚兒最注重的就是感情，你甚至比蟹子還要敏感。在看完一部悲情的影片後能酣暢淋漓地大哭一場會讓你覺得很舒服。你還會為自己能敏銳地感覺到愛人情感的變化而驕傲。那麼，最讓你怒不可遏的事就是有人告訴說你"感情過於豐富"了。
文章來源：http://goo.gl/unpfCA
▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸

 
世界上最幸福的員工在哪個國家？ 💼
Do YOU love your job? Americans and Brits are among the world's happiest workers 💼
　　
⇒ If you are reading this sat at your desk, wishing you were anywhere else other than at work, you might think you share the same attitude towards your job as people around the world.
此刻坐在桌前閱讀這篇文章的你，假如你的心飛到了辦公室外，你大概會以為世界上其他人對工作的態度都和你一樣。❧
⇒ But more than seven in 10 of us don’t mind the daily grind and are actually pretty happy at work, according to the results of an annual survey.
但是，一份年度調查結果顯示，我們當中超過十分之七的人並不討厭日復一日的工作，事實上，多數人在工作時挺快樂的。❧
　　
⇒ The findings come from the latest well-being work barometer, carried out by Edenred-Ipsos, which questioned 14,400 employees in 15 countries around the world and found that 71 percent of people reported feeling positive about their work.
該調查結果來自最新的幸福工作晴雨錶，該專案由艾登瑞德-益普索機構實施，對來自全球15個國家共14400名員工進行了調查，發現有71%的員工持有積極樂觀的工作態度。❧
⇒ As you might expect, well-being at work came down to a mix of factors, including the working environment, how much people feel appreciated and how they feel about the work they do.
正如你所預期的那樣，工作幸福感取決於多種因素，包括工作環境，感覺到自己受重視的程度，以及對工作內容的看法。❧
　　
⇒ However, while the report found a high level of well-being overall, there were differences between countries.
然而，儘管報告結果顯示人們的工作幸福感總體較高，但是不同國家之間還是有所差別。❧
⇒ Indian employees came out top of the pile, with 88 percent of workers reportedly feeling positive about their work. While Japan fared far worse, with just 44 percent of employees surveyed responding positively about their jobs.
印度員工的工作幸福感最強，據報導，有88%的員工對工作充滿熱情。然而，日本的情況卻糟糕得多，受訪員工中，只有44%回應稱對工作持樂觀態度。❧
⇒ The UK and China were on equal footing, with an average of 71 percent of workers scoring positively for workplace well-being, with the US nudging higher with 77 percent.
英國與中國旗鼓相當，平均71%的員工的工作幸福感較高。而美國比例略高，達77%。❧
　　
⇒ According to the team behind the annual survey, 10 items related to well-being at work were identified, broken down into three ‘pillars’ of ‘environment’, ‘appreciation’ and ‘emotion’.
開展年度調查的團隊表示，已確定有10種因素與工作幸福感相關，它們可以分為“環境因素”、“受重視度”和“情感因素”三類。❧
⇒ They found that across all countries, environmental factors scored highest, including knowing what was required of them at work.
該團隊發現，在參與調查的所有國家中，環境因素得分最高，其中包括瞭解自己的工作要求。❧
⇒ But employees across the world are falling short when it comes to appreciating their workers, as are ‘emotion’-related scores – such as how much someone enjoys going to work in the morning and how interested they are in their job.
但是，當提到受重視度時，世界各地的員工都打分偏低。情感因素也是如此，情感因素包括員工是否喜歡早晨起床去上班的感覺，以及對工作的興趣有多大。❧
　　
⇒ Trends emerged across countries in terms of what was most important to them. Well-being was most related to environment for Japan, Turkey, China, Italy and Poland.
哪類因素對工作幸福感最重要？不同的國家有不同的傾向。在日本、土耳其、中國、義大利和波蘭這些國家中，環境因素與工作幸福感的聯繫最為密切。❧
⇒ In India, Mexico, Brazil and Chile, emotional factors such as enjoying coming to work and being stimulated by the job were most important.
而在印度、墨西哥、巴西和智利，情感因素，如享受工作以及受工作激勵等，最為重要。❧
⇒ While for Spain, the UK and the US, the three categories were more equal, with less emotional factors having an impact on well-being compared to employees in other nations.
然而，對於西班牙、英國和美國而言，這三類因素對於工作幸福感的重要程度更均衡，相較於其他國家，情感因素對工作幸福感產生的影響較小。❧
文章來源：http://goo.gl/ux1jyY
▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸▸

😄 你開心嗎？變著花樣說出來！😄
　　
❦ 1. having a whale of a time 玩得非常痛快
Dear mum and dad,we are a whale of a time in san francisco. Wish you were here with us.
親愛的媽媽爸爸，我們在三藩市玩得很痛快。真希望你們也在這。
❦ 2. on cloud nine 喜出望外
Jason has been on cloud nine ever since he heard of his promotion to sales director.
傑森自從聽到他升職為銷售部經理的消息以後就喜出望外。
❦ 3. tickled pink 高興
Tania is tickled pink. She just won tickets to see one direction at the O2 arena next month.
塔妮婭樂壞了。她剛剛贏了下個月去看one direction在倫敦O2體育場演出的門票。
❦ 4. on top of the world 站在世界之巔
I have had a fantastic week. i'm feeling on top of the world.
我這一周過得非常棒。感覺就像站在世界之巔。
❦ 5. happy as a clam 心滿意足
I moved to the country six months ago and i am happy as a clam.
我六個月前搬到了這個國家，現在心滿意足。
也可以這麼表達： happy as larry (New Zealand origin - british english) happy as larry(紐西蘭起源——英式英語)快活

🎁 MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：
http://online1.tingclass.net/voas…/2015/20150129sa_space.mp3

🎁

🎁 中英文稿：
Many of us search for something worth watching on TV in our spare time. In his spare time, Terry Lovejoy searches for comets—and he’s found five so far. The Australian amateur astronomer’s latest discovery is called Comet C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy), and it’s in the midst of its brightest period.
空閒時很多人喜歡在電視上搜索值得一看的節目。而特里•洛夫喬伊業餘時間喜歡搜索彗星——並且迄今為止他已發現了5顆彗星。這位澳大利亞業餘天文學家的最新發現被稱為“彗星C/2014 Q2”(又稱“洛夫喬伊”)，且它正處於最燦爛的時期。
Until January 24th, the comet will be at a brightness level of 4th magnitude, which means it can be seen with the naked eye in dark, clear skies. To spot Comet Lovejoy, just look in the direction of Orion, Taurus and the Pleiades, high in the southeast sky.
到1月24日，這顆彗星亮度水準將達到4級——這意味著在晴朗的夜空，肉眼就可以看到它。想找到“洛夫喬伊”彗星的位置，只要看東南部高空獵戶座、金牛座和昴宿星的方向即可。
Terry Lovejoy discovered this interloper from the outer solar system last August by comparing photographs taken with his backyard eight-inch telescope.
去年8月，特裡•洛夫喬伊通過對比其後院8英寸望遠鏡拍攝的照片，發現了這個來自外太陽系的入侵者。
His most famous discovery is the Comet C/2011 W3, which is what’s known as a Kreutz sungrazer. In December, 2011 it flew through the sun’s corona and emerged scorched, but surprisingly still intact.
他最著名的發現是“慧星C/2011 W3”，即聞名的“克羅伊策掠日彗星”。2011年12月，它飛過太陽的日冕並被燒焦，但令人驚訝的是它仍然完好無損。