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:v Talk nineteen to the dozen - 說話很快，喋喋不休 💨

⇛⇛⇛今日短語

A dozen一打，是十二的意思。如果某人“talks nineteen to the dozen從十九說到十二”，這個表達的實際意思是說話語速很快。就好比在說十二個詞的時間内說了十九個詞，讓聽的人不知所云。

🎁 MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：
http://yiwen.cdstm.cn/attach/resource/201602/…/18292r0oh.mp3

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🎁 中英文稿：
"In India, as a consequence of stricter protection of wildlife and increased tolerance, numbers of large carnivores are increasing in private lands and lands outside the protected-area systems."Ullas Karanth of the U.S.-based Wildlife Conservation Society and India's Centre for Wildlife Studies.
“在印度，由於對野生動物越發嚴格的保護措施與對野生動物越來越高的容忍度，私有土地和未劃入保護區的土地上的肉食動物數量正在上升。”美國野生動物保護組織與印度野生動物研究中心（U.S.-based Wildlife Conservation Society and India’s Centre for Wildlife Studies）的烏拉斯•卡拉夫（Ullas Karanth）如是說。
"While this is a good thing for conservation it poses serious problems for management because occasionally these interactions turn hostile, between people and carnivores. And this issue is particularly serious with leopards."
“對於動物保護來說，這當然是一件好事，但這也為管理帶來了難題，因為偶爾人類與食肉動物的交互會轉化為敵對行動。而這個問題在豹身上尤其嚴重。”
Karanth and his team studied interactions between people and leopards in Karnataka, a state in India's southwest that's home to more than 60 million people. Leopards can be found in 47 percent of the state, in areas outside parks and other sanctuaries. So people and leopards do, every once in a while, run into each other.
卡拉夫與他的隊員在卡納塔克邦研究人類與豹的交互。卡納塔克邦位於印度的西南部，居住著6千萬人。在該邦47%的地區，包括保護區以外與其他場所，都能找到豹的身影。因此人們與豹的相遇在所難免。
To gauge the frequency of such interactions, the researchers scoured media reports during a 14-month period from 2013 to 2014. The total tally was 245 separate incidents. Most were attacks on livestock or simple sightings of the leopards by people. But leopards did attack people 32 times, causing three deaths. Thirty-four leopards died in the study period, mostly from poaching and being hit by vehicles. Capturing and relocating the animals did not seem to be an effective way to cut down on animal-human contacts. The study is in the journal PLoS ONE. [Vidya Athreya et al, Spotted in the News: Using Media Reports to Examine Leopard Distribution, Depredation, and Management Practices outside Protected Areas in Southern India]
為了計量這種相互作用的頻率，研究人員流覽了2013-2014年間14個月的媒體報導，其中包含了245次獨立的事件。大多為豹襲擊牲畜或是被人類目擊的報導。然而，在32個事件中，豹襲擊了人類，並造成3人死亡。在這段時間中，有34頭豹死亡，主要由於非法捕獵和交通事故。捕捉和轉移這些動物並不能有效減少人類與它們的交互。該項研究發表在《公共科學圖書館期刊》上。
So how can the large carnivores and people better coexist? The researchers think that an obvious but important step is to get a lot more data on just where leopards are most likely to be found in populated areas, so people can avoid the cats. And that farmers should be quickly and fairly compensated for any livestock losses. Which seems to be a better alternative than trying to hunt down and kill or move the offending animal.
如何能夠做到大型肉食性動物與人類共存？研究人員認為一個明顯而且重要的步驟是採集大量資料，確定豹在人口稠密地區的最有可能出沒的地點，從而讓人們避開豹。同時應該使農民能便捷且公平地獲得牲畜損失的賠償。比起將之抓獲，從而殺死或轉移，這種方法貌似是一種更好的代替方案。

👯 MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：
http://static.iyuba.com/sounds/minutes/588.mp3

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👯 中英文稿：
Hello and welcome to The English We Speak.
大家好，歡迎來到BBC地道英語。
…and hello, I’m Rob. Err, Feifei what are you doing?
嗨，我是Rob。額，菲菲你在幹什麼？
I’m making a cake – a chocolate cake - obviously!
我在做蛋糕—巧克力蛋糕—很顯然啦！
Why are you making a chocolate cake?
為什麼你在做巧克力蛋糕呢？
It’s Helen’s birthday. What’s wrong with that Rob?

 
🌇 數位遊牧者看過來：最適合你工作生活的十個城市 🌇
Want to escape the office? Top 10 cities for digital nomads

Ⅹ【最終回來囉～～～】🎐

🎁 MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：
http://yiwen.cdstm.cn/attach/resource/201603/4/124930X0C.mp3

🎁

🎁 中英文稿：
Does a bear produce feces in the woods? And do enterprising researchers then scoop that poop to analyze its microbial composition? You bet they do! And what they find is that the ursine intestinal microbiome changes dramatically during hibernation, an internal microbial shakeup that could help bears do their big metabolic chill.
熊會在樹林中便便麼？而敬業的研究人員會收集熊的糞便並分析其中的微生物麼？他們還真的這樣做了！研究人員發現，在冬眠期間，熊的腸道微生物發生了劇烈的變化，這種微生物混合物減緩了熊的新陳代謝。
Brown bears spend the summer beefing up in preparation for their winter snooze. They eat and eat and they pack on the pounds. Yet despite this seasonal gluttony and weight gain, the bears appear to be immune to developing diabetes or the other metabolic disorders that befall yo-yo dieters of the human variety.
棕熊用整個夏天來養胖自己以準備冬日長睡。它們吃啊吃，胖啊胖。然而，儘管經過了這種季節性的暴飲暴食和體重暴漲，熊並沒有像悠悠球節食者（yo-yo dieter, 反復減肥而又反彈的人）那樣患上糖尿病或是其他的代謝性疾病。
So researchers theorized that gut bacteria might play a role. To check out that idea, the scientists collected scat from captured wild brown bears both during their season of feasting and during hibernation. And in case you’re wondering, they went in and got the stuff before it even hit the ground. If you get my drift. 
因此研究人員認為腸道微生物在這個過程中應該貢獻。為了驗證這個理論，研究人員收集了暴食與冬眠時自由放養的熊的糞便。或許你納悶他們怎麼採集糞便，他們在糞便碰到地上之前就採集到它們，你明白了麼？
An analysis of the excrement showed that bears’ summer bacteria are more diverse and include species that tend to promote energy storage. What’s more, when the researchers stripped mice of their own microbes and gave them the bacteria from bears, the rodents that received the summer sampler got fatter than those with the winter set—evidence that the microbiome is indeed affecting metabolism. The results appear in the journal Cell Reports. [Felix Sommer et al, The Gut Microbiota Modulates Energy Metabolism in the Hibernating Brown Bear Ursus arctos]
一項排泄物的測試表明，熊的夏季細菌種類更為複雜，並包括了那些促進能量貯存的細菌。研究人員進行了實驗，清除了小鼠腸道的細菌，並移植了從熊的腸道中採集到的細菌樣本。那些獲取了夏季樣本的小鼠，相對於獲取了冬季樣本的小鼠增肥得更快。這項證據證明了這些微生物確實會影響新陳代謝。該結論發表在《細胞報導》(Cell Reports)上。[Felix Sommer et al, The Gut Microbiota Modulates Energy Metabolism in the Hibernating Brown Bear Ursus arctos]
The researchers do not yet know whether fiddling with our own gut bacteria could help us shed excess weight. Or whether any such microbial diet plan would necessitate a very long winter’s nap.

 
👯 MP3音檔 (按右鍵可下載聽)：
http://static.iyuba.com/sounds/minutes/589.mp3

👯

👯 中英文稿：
Hello, I’m Neil and welcome to The English We Speak, which this week comes from a train.
大家好，我是尼爾，歡迎收聽地道英語，我們這周的節目是在火車上做的。
Hi I’m Feifei. That’s right, we’ve got on a train in order to teach you a useful English expression, which has become very common - particularly in a work environment.
大家好，我是菲菲。是的，為了教給大家這個實用的英語短語，我們搭上了一趟列車，這個短語十分常見，尤其是在工作場合。
I love trains, Feifei–racing through the countryside, looking out of the window. Ah, it’s great – you can’t beat it! Oh – are you OK, Feifei? You look a bit… green.
我喜歡坐火車，菲菲——從鄉村飛馳而過，看著窗外。啊，真是太棒了，什麼也比不上這種體驗！噢，你還好吧，菲菲？你臉色看上去有一點……發青。
Well it’s OK for you, Neil, but I’ve got the backward-facing seat. It makes me feel sick. Going forward, can you avoid booking me the backward-facing seat?
這對你來說還好，尼爾，但是我坐的是後向座，這讓我覺得不舒服。今後你能不要再幫我訂後向座了嗎？