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👯 中英文稿：
Welcome to 6 Minute English with me Rob…
歡迎大家和我一起來到BBC6分鐘英語，我是Rob！
…and me Neil.
我是Neil。
Today we’re talking about national independence - that’s when one nation is free from control by another country. Neil, can you think of any countries that have become independent?
今天我們來討論下國家獨立--指的是一個國家擺脫了另一個國家的控制，獲得自由。Neil，你能想起幾個已經獨立的國家的名字嗎？
Well, Scotland is talking a lot about this at the moment.
蘇格蘭正在談論這個。
Yes, it is. It’s a big political issue which we’ll talk more about soon. And of course we’ll be looking at some words related to independence. But let’s start with a question. How well do you know your history? The Declaration of Independence was made by thirteen American colonies that were fighting for freedom from the British Empire. But do you know what year that declaration – or announcement – was made? Was it: a) 1776 b) 1786 c) 1796
是的。這是一個很大的政治話題，我們隨後來談論。當然我們還要看一些跟獨立相關的詞彙。但讓我們以一個問題開始吧。你知道你們國家的歷史有多少？獨立宣言是由13個美國殖民地起草的，為的是從大英帝國獲得自由。但是你知道獨立宣言或聲明是哪一年起草的嗎？是：a) 1776年b) 1786 年c) 1796 年
I am pretty sure it’s a) 1776.
我很確定是a）1776年。
You sound quite confident, don’t you, but I’ll let you know the answer later on. Let’s talk more about independence. We often hear about groups of people campaigning or fighting for independence from the country that rules them.
你聽上去非常自信，不是嗎，但我一會再揭曉答案。讓我們再說一下獨立。我們經常聽到一些人組織運動或爭取從統治他們的國家獨立。
Yes, like the Basque people in Spain, or the Kurds in Iraq. This is when a certain group of people want their own homeland to preserve – that’s keep alive – their culture or beliefs.
是的，比如西班牙的巴斯克人，或者在伊拉克的庫爾德人。這是一群人想要保護自己的家園--讓他們的文化和信仰保持鮮活。
And sometimes, a whole nation wants to break away from the country that rules it because it feels it would be better for its people. That’s what’s happening in Scotland right now, isn’t it Neil?
有時整個國家都想打破現有國家的統治，因為這樣會使國家的人民感覺更好。這就是蘇格蘭的現狀，不是嗎，Neil？
Well, not quite. Not everyone in Scotland wants to break away from the United Kingdom. This is a plan suggested by the ruling political party in Scotland – the Scottish National Party. But they are asking people to vote on the decision.
呃，不全是，並不是每一個蘇格蘭人都想從聯合王國獨立出去。這是由一個蘇格蘭的政黨--Scottish National Party提出的他們正要求人們為這個決定投票。
And this vote on a single issue – or referendum – is happening in September. Politicians who want Scotland to be separate from the UK are trying to persuade the public to vote in favour of independence. Other politicians are trying to persuade people to vote ’no’.
表決一個單一的問題 — — 或全民投票 — — 在 9 月發生的一切。想要蘇格蘭從聯合王國獨立出來的政治家們正在試圖讓公眾為他們的獨立投票支持。剩下的政治家都在試圖勸說人們投“反對票”
Independence would mean Scotland would be able to control things like its tax system, its immigration policy and people would have a Scottish passport.
獨立意味著蘇格蘭將可以控制它的納稅系統、移民政策，人們將會得到一本蘇格蘭護照。
Well, let’s hear from Alex Salmond, the Leader of the Scottish National Party, talking when he first announced there would be a referendum. What words did he use to describe how he wanted the debate – or discussion – on independence to be?
讓我們聽一下 Alex Salmond， Scottish National Party的領導人是怎麼說的。談論當他第一次宣佈進行全民投票的事。他使用了什麼詞來描述他想要的關於獨立的辯論或者討論的?
Divergent views are the very essence of democracy; robust debate is part of what makes us ScottishThe exchanges, the criticism and the debate must be passionate – how else could it be in Scotland? But let these contributions be based on fact, reason, logic, rather than smears, or allegations or misinformation.
意見分歧是民主的本質。激烈的辯論是使我們成為蘇格蘭人的一部分。交流、 批評和辯論必須充滿激情 — — 否則怎麼會在蘇格蘭呢？但是讓這些貢獻是基於事實,原因,邏輯,而不是污點,指控或錯誤資訊。
Alex Salmond said divergent views are the very essence of democracy – so all different views are important and that is what makes a democracy. And he encouraged debate about independence.
Alex Salmond說意見分歧是民主的本質所以所有不同的觀點很重要，那會組成民主。而且他鼓勵關於獨立的辯論。
Yes and he said the debate should be robust – so strong, firm and determined…
是的，他說辯論應當激烈--所以堅強、 堅定和堅決....
…and it should be passionate – expressing powerful emotions.
...還有它應該是充滿激情 — — 強大的情感表達。
But most importantly, the debate should be based on real information – facts – not misinformation or what he calls smears – in other words, lies.
但最重要的，辯論應當基於真實資訊--現實沒有錯誤資訊或他所說的污點——換句話說,謊言。
Well, Scottish people will go to the ballot box in a few months’ time to vote. And if they vote ’yes’ for independence, we, Rob, might have to show our passports if we cross the border from England into Scotland.
嗯，蘇格蘭人將在幾個月的時間後進行表決。如果他們表決“同意”獨立，我們，Rob如果我們從英格蘭穿過到蘇格蘭或許我們要出示護照。
Imagine that! And the Scottish people might lose the BBC – the British Broadcasting Corporation – and get their own smaller Scottish Broadcasting Corporation.
想像一下!蘇格蘭人民或許會失去BBC--英國廣播公司--使用他們自己的更小的蘇格蘭廣播公司、
Of course, there’s always been a – let’s say – friendly rivalry between the two countries. And we are used to our nations competing independently in football and rugby tournaments.
當然，總有--說吧--兩國之間的友好競爭。我們都習慣我們的國家在足球和橄欖球比賽中獨立地競爭。
Of course, being an Englishman I know who’s best! But seriously, the idea of an independent Scotland isn’t that strange. The Act of Union, which brought Scotland together with England and Wales, only came into being in 1707. Before that, Scotland was independent.
當然，作為一名英格蘭人據我所知是最好的！但認真地說，蘇格蘭獨立的主意並不奇怪。將蘇格蘭和英格蘭還有威爾士組合在一起的聯盟法案，僅僅是在1707年出現的。在那之前，蘇格蘭是獨立的。
And only last century, Ireland fought for its independence from Britain
僅在上個世紀，愛爾蘭為從英國獨立而戰。
And in 1947, India succeeded in becoming independent from British rule, a day that’s now commemorated – or remembered – as a national holiday .
在1947年，印度成功地從英國獨立，作為紀念的一天--被記住，作為全國性節日、。
But, while some countries aim to have self-rule – another word for independent rule – others want to share things which are usually unique to a countryFor example, the member states of the European Union work together in trade and some share the same currency – the Euro. Well, this brings us back to your question Rob, when some American states declared independence from British rule.
但儘管一些國家的目標是自治 --獨立規則的另一個詞--其他人想要分享的東西往往是一個國家特有的例如，歐盟的成員國在貿易中一起工作並其中一些國家使用相同的貨幣——歐元。好吧，這些讓我們回到你的問題。Rob，什麼時候美國宣佈從英國獨立的。
Yes, that was the Declaration of Independence – but what year was it?
那是獨立宣言，但是哪一年呢？
I said a) 1776.
我選的是a）1776年。
And of course, you were right. It was 1776. This was the beginning of a new nation that became the USA – and Independence Day is now celebrated every year on the 4th of July. I wonder if Scotland will be celebrating its own independence day in just a few years’ time? OK Neil, please could you remind us of some of the independence-related words that we’ve heard today.
當然你說對了。是1776年，有一個新興的國家建立成為了美利堅合眾國。並在每年的7月4日慶祝獨立日、我在想蘇格蘭是不是也會在幾年以後慶祝它的獨立日呢？好了，Neil，你能給大家回一下今天我們聽到的跟獨立有關的詞語嗎~
OK, here we go: independence ;declaration;campaigning Referendum;in favour of;debate divergent views ;robust ;passionate smears ;rivalry;commemorated ;self-rule
好的， independence--獨立 ;declaration--宣言;campaigning --競選活動Referendum--全民投票;in favour of--支持;debate--辯論divergent views--不同意見 ;robust--激烈的 ;passionate--有激情的 smears-污點 ;rivalry--競爭;commemorated--紀念 ;self-rule--自治
Thanks Neil. We hope you’ve enjoyed today’s 6 Minute English. Please join us again soon for another programme.
謝謝Neil。希望大家喜歡我們今天的這期節目。請再次加入我們下期節目。
Goodbye.
再見啦.
Bye
拜~
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